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Documents

Documents

Evaluation of casemix adjustment methods for the Massachusetts Division of Medical Assistance

Massachusetts Rate Setting Commission. Final report and recommendation. Boston, MA, USA: Massachusetts Rate Setting Commission. Massachusetts Rate Setting Commission, Boston, MA, USA We investigated methods […]

How well do models work? Predicting health care costs

In: American Statistical Association, eds. Proceedings of the Section on Statistics in Epidemiology. Alexandria, VA, USA: American Statistical Association:42-49. Department of General Internal Medicine, Boston […]

A risk stratification model for adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea: development and evaluation

Toronto, ON, Canada: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada STUDY HYPOTHESES: We hypothesize that the apnea-hypopneas index (AHI), […]

Studying effects of primary care physicians and patients on the trade-off between charges for primary care and specialty care using a hierarchical multivariate two-part model

Department of Biostatistics Working Paper 51. Baltimore, MD, USA: Johns Hopkins University. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE. To examine effects of primary care […]

An incentive mechanism for using risk adjuster to reimburse health care provider

York, UK: University of York. University of York, York, UK Health care providers are almost always universally reimbursed by third party purchasers. As a result, […]

Prompt reduction in use of medications for comorbid conditions after bariatric surgery

Rockville, MD, USA: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA BACKGROUND. Bariatric surgery leads to weight loss, but it is […]

The dynamic effects of medical risk costs: evidence from quantile regression

Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 14:843-868. This paper adopted the quantile regression (QR) estimator to assess the effects of the medical utilization factors (changes […]

An economic analysis of secure messaging between patients and providers

Seattle, WA, USA: University of Washington (doctoral dissertation). University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA This dissertation presents an economic analysis of patient-provider communication through secure […]

Comorbilidad y discapacidad en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca

Madrid, Spain: Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (doctoral dissertation). Published in Spanish. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain INTRODUCCIÓN: La insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) es un problema […]

Thiazolidinedione use and risk of hospitalization for pneumonia in type 2 diabetes:  population based matched case-control study

F1000Research 2:145. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: Previous randomized clinical trials and their meta-analyses […]

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Case Mix Adjustment Case Study – Payer

This Case Study shows how Leicester City CCG, one of the most ethnically diverse areas of the UK, analyzed emergency admission rates for all practices, to learn that practices with lower emergency admission rates had significantly higher coding completeness and GP patient survey scores. Learn more.

Facilitating Equity and Efficiency in Primary Health Care

Johns Hopkins University Facilitating Equity & Efficiency in Primary Health Care, Malaysia using the ACG Case Mix System Dr Karen Kinder Executive Director

Tuesday-Re-thinking ACG fundamentals-Kitching and Heim

HealthPartners Risk Adjustment in Total Cost of Care & Resource Use: Re-Thinking Risk Adjustment Chad Heim Gary Kitching

Monday-US Health Reform-Ewald

Minnesota Department of Human Services The MN Health Care Home Initiative and ACG Dean Ewald

Monday-Care Coordination II-Haas

Mayo Clinic Assessment of Risk Stratification Methods Identifying Patients for Care Coordination within a Medical Home Lindsey R. Haas, MPH

Pilot study using Risk Stratification in Thames

Richmond Clinical Commissioning Group Using ACG to Support Delivery of Integrated Care Anna Raleigh, Consultant in Public Health Dr Caoimhe O Sullivan, Public Health Principal […]

Health Insurance Marketplace

DST Health Solutions Health Insurance Marketplace Amy Salls

Monday(C4)-Identifying Near Term Heath Cost Risk in the Absence of Claims Data—Bernard Khomenko

Identifying Near Term Heath Cost Risk  in the Absence of Claims Data   —Bernard Khomenko, CEBS Vice President of Client Solutions, Data Smart Solutions 

Tuesday(C8)-Using the ACG Software for a Full Picture of Population Risk Under the Accountable Care Act (ACA)-Salls and Bodycombe

Using the ACG Software for a Full Picture of Population Risk Under the Accountable Care Act (ACA) —Amy Salls, DST Health Solutions  David Bodycombe, Johns […]

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The Future of the ACG System

Hadi Kharrazi, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health talks about EMRs, other future data sources and […]

Outcomes of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosed with or without pulmonary function testing

Background: A small number of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receive pulmonary function testing around the time of diagnosis. Because omitting testing increases […]

Defining and Assessing Geriatric Risk Factors and Associated Health Care Utilization Among Older Adults Using Claims and Electronic Health Records

Abstract Background: Using electronic health records (EHRs), in addition to claims, to systematically identify patients with factors associated with adverse outcomes (geriatric risk) among older […]

Attitudes and behaviour towards psychotropic drug prescribing in Swedish primary care: a questionnaire study

Abstract Background The prescribing of psychotropic drugs, i.e. antidepressants, sedatives (anxiolytics, hypnotics), and antipsychotics is considerable and a large proportion is prescribed by general practitioners […]

Association between allopurinol and cardiovascular outcomes and all‐cause mortality in diabetes: A retrospective, population‐based cohort study

Abstract Aim To assess the association between allopurinol and mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in an allopurinol‐treated diabetes cohort. Materials and Methods We conducted a population‐based […]

Patient- and hospital-level predictors of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bacteremia in Ontario, Canada

Abstract   Background Data are limited on risk factors for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bacteremia. Methods All patients with a confirmed VRE bacteremia in Ontario, Canada, between January […]

When the Doctor-Patient Divide Is a Chasm

Abstract For an important group of patients, the divide between themselves and their healthcare team is a chasm. These patients are variously identified in different […]

Health of Spanish centenarians: a cross-sectional study based on electronic health records

Abstract Background With the number of centenarians increasing exponentially in Spain, a deeper knowledge of their socio-demographic, clinical, and healthcare use characteristics is important to […]

A cross-sectional study of prolonged disengagement from clinic among people with HCV receiving care in a low threshold, multidisciplinary clinic

Abstract Background Disengagement from care can affect treatment outcomes of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We assessed the extent and determinants of disengagement among […]

The direct healthcare costs attributable to West Nile virus illness in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study using laboratory and health administrative data

Abstract Background West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, first detected in the Western Hemisphere in 1999 and spread across North America over the […]

Objective Estimates of Direct-Medical Costs Among Persons Aged 3 to 38 Years With and Without Research-Defined Autism Spectrum Disorder Ascertained During Childhood: A Population-Based Birth-Cohort Study

Abstract Objectives Accurate estimates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)–associated medical costs are essential for predicting future care needs, allocating resources, identifying best practices, and modeling […]

Healthcare Service Usage and Costs for Elderly Patients with Obstructive Lung Disease

Abstract Background The worldwide prevalence of obstructive lung disease (OLD) is increasing, especially among people >65 years old, and nearly three in four adults with […]

Multimorbidity clusters in patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases in the EpiChron Cohort

Abstract Objectives Chronic obstructive airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, rhinitis, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are amongst the most common […]

Association between neuraxial anaesthesia or general anaesthesia for lower limb revascularisation surgery in adults and clinical outcomes: population based comparative effectiveness study

Abstract Objective To examine the associations between neuraxial anaesthesia or general anaesthesia and clinical outcomes, length of hospital stay, and readmission in adults undergoing lower […]

Early Surgical Complications of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Morbid Obesity: Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of 3683 Patients

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to determine whether the high risk of surgical complications within 1 year of total hip arthroplasty (THA) […]

Health service utilization in immigrants with multiple sclerosis

Abstract Background Access to neurology specialty care can influence outcomes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), but may vary based on patient sociodemographic characteristics, including […]

Immediate and Long-Term Health Care Support Needs of Older Adults Undergoing Cancer Surgery: A Population-Based Analysis of Postoperative Homecare Utilization

Abstract Background Functional outcomes are central to decision-making by older adults (OA), but long-term risks after cancer surgery have not been described beyond 1 year for […]

Development of measurable criteria to identify and prioritize patients for inclusion in comprehensive medication management programs within primary care settings

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Pharmacists optimize medication use and ensure the safe and effective delivery of pharmacotherapy to patients using comprehensive medication management (CMM). Identifying and prioritizing […]

Impact of frailty on inpatient outcomes in thyroid cancer surgery: 10-year results from the U.S. national inpatient sample

Abstract Background Frailty is linked to perioperative morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the impact of preoperative frailty on inpatient outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for […]

New Opioid Use and Risk of Emergency Department Visits Related to Motor Vehicle Collisions in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Importance Opioids can impair motor skills and may affect the ability to drive; however, the association of opioid use with driving ability is not […]

Impact of a patient-centered care model implemented in public health facilities in Chile: A real world evidence evaluation

Abstract Objective Health systems face multimorbidity as the leading cause of the burden of disease and demand for healthcare services. Although non-communicable diseases are well […]

Comparing and validating medication complexity from insurance claims against electronic health records

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Patient effort to comply with complex medication instructions is known to be related to nonadherence and subsequent medical complications or health care costs. […]

Surgeon factors but not hospital factors associated with length of stay after colorectal surgery – A population based study

Abstract Aim Length of stay (LOS) after colorectal surgery (CRS) is a significant driver of healthcare utilization and adverse patient outcomes. To date, there is […]

Predicting Health Utilities Using Health Administrative Data: Leveraging Survey-linked Health Administrative Data from Ontario, Canada

Abstract Background The quality-adjusted life year (QALY) is widely used to measure health outcome that combines the length of life and health-related quality of life […]

Outcomes following exposure to drug interactions with ibrutinib in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Summary Ibrutinib is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and poses challenges with drug interactions. We conducted a population-based cohort study of Ontario residents aged […]

Can the Care Need Index Identify Healthcare Centres With Higher Proportions of Children at Risk?

ABSTRACT Aims To examine the association between the widely used social deprivation index, the Child Adjusted Care Need Index, and healthcare centres with a higher […]

The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Treatment Received in Patients with Stage I Lung Cancer in Ontario: A Population-Based Analysis

Abstract Surgical resection is recommended for operable stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while radiotherapy reserved for inoperable patients. Very comorbid patients may receive no […]

Psychiatric hospitalizations among Canadian Armed Forces Veterans and former Royal Canadian Mounted Police members residing in Ontario: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objectives Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans and former Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) members (“Veterans/former RCMP members”) may be at increased risk of mental […]

Treatment-modifying effects of frailty on stroke reperfusion therapy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Frailty is common amongst individuals presenting with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Not only has frailty been found to have disease-modifying effects in terms […]

Does End-of-Life Care Differ for Anglophones and Francophones? A Retrospective Cohort Study of Decedents in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Background: Approximately half of decedents in Ontario, Canada, receive some palliative care, but little is known about the influence of language on the nature of […]

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Identifying High Risk COVID-19 Patients Q&A

During the current health care crisis, health systems, health plans and governments urgently need to identify their most vulnerable patient populations. The Johns Hopkins ACG […]

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Predictive Modeling Part I – An Introduction to the Basics

This webinar is an introduction to the basics of predictive modelling and provides an overview of the predictive models that are available within the Johns […]

Comparative effectiveness of olmesartan and other angiotensin receptor blockers in diabetes mellitus: retrospective cohort study

Hypertension 63:977-983. University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Olmesartan has been linked with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and sprue-like enteropathy. We compared outcomes between […]

Variations in primary care physician referral rates

Health Serv Res 34:323-329. University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA OBJECTIVE: To examine primary care physician referral rate variations, including their extent and their stability […]

Increased suicidal activity following major trauma: a population-based study

J Trauma Acute Care Surg 76:180-184. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; University of Regina, Regina, […]

Multimorbidity in risk stratification tools to predict negative outcomes in adult population

Eur J Intern Med 26:182-189. Basque Institute for Healthcare Innovation, Barakaldo, Spain; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco (AIFA), Rome, […]

Direct medical costs and source of cost differences across the spectrum of cognitive decline: A population-based study

Alzheimers Dement. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; K Long Health Economics Consulting LLC, St. Paul, MN, USA; AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, USA BACKGROUND: Objective cost […]

Physicians and prepaid group practices

Health Aff W4:76-78. Commonwealth Fund, New York, NY, USA Prepaid group practices (PGPs) are complex organizations that directly combine prepayment for health care with a […]

Impact of case mix severity on quality improvement in a patient-centered medical home (PCMH) in the Maryland Multi-Payor Program

J Am Board Fam Med 29:116-125. University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department […]

A population-based study comparing patterns of care delivery on the quality of care for persons living with HIV in Ontario

BMJ Open 5:e007428. Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical […]

Trends and determinants of prescription drug use during pregnancy and postpartum in British Columbia, 2002-2011: a population-based cohort study

PLoS One 10:e0128312. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada PURPOSE: To describe trends, patterns, and determinants of prescription drug use during pregnancy and postpartum. […]

The use of long-acting beta2- agonists as monotherapy in children and adults

J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 20:e1. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada BACKGROUND: In asthma, it is recommended […]

Selection bias from requiring patients to give consent to examine data for health services research

Arch Fam Med 9:1111-1118. Department of Family Practice, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Fairfax, VA, USA BACKGROUND: New rulings nationwide require health services […]

Adjusted Clinical Groups: predictive accuracy for Medicaid enrollees in three states

Health Care Financ Rev 24:43-61. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Actuarial split-sample method were used to assess predictive accuracy of […]

The effect of socioeconomic status on bone density testing in a public health-care system

Osteoporos Int 18:153-158. Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: An inverse relationship exists between socio-economic status (SES) and osteoporotic fractures. In […]

Medical and psychosocial diagnoses in women with a history of intimate partner violence

Arch Intern Med 169:1692-1697. Department of Human Development and Family Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA BACKGROUND: We characterized the relative risk of a […]

Heart failure in the family practice: a study of the prevalence and co-morbidity

Fam Pract 28:128-133. Unidad de Bioingenieria y Telemedicina, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a health problem that particularly […]

Adapting the Rx-Risk-V for mortality prediction in outpatient populations

Med Care 44:793-797. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA OBJECTIVES: We sought […]

Multimorbidity and its measurement

Health Policy 103:3-8. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Multimorbidity is increasing in frequency. It can be quantitatively measured […]

Explaining primary healthcare pharmacy expenditure using classification of medications for chronic conditions

Health Policy 103:9-15. Research Centre for Health Care Economics and Management, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain BACKGROUND: The Valencian Autonomous Community (Spain) has implemented […]

Randomized trial of depression follow-up care by online messaging

J Gen Intern Med 26:698-704. Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA BACKGROUND: Quality of antidepressant treatment remains disturbingly poor. Rates of medication adherence and […]

Types of morbidity and categories of patients in a Swedish county. Applying the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups System to encounter data in primary health care

Scand J Prim Health Care 22:174-179. Center for Family Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden OBJECTIVE: To elucidate types of morbidity and […]

Medical comorbidity among youth diagnosed with bipolar disorder in the United States

J Clin Psychiatry 70:1461-1466. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: This study examines the […]

Common comorbidity scales were similar in their ability to predict health care costs and mortality

J Clin Epidemiol 57:1040-1048. Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of commonly used measures of medical comorbidity […]

Diagnostic scope of and exposure to primary care physicians in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States: cross sectional analysis of results from three national surveys

BMJ 334:1261. Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA. OBJECTIVES: To compare mix of […]

Influence of body mass index on the choice of therapy for depression and follow-up care

Obesity 21:e303-e313. Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA OBJECTIVE: Overweight and obese patients commonly suffer from depression and choice of depression […]

Adverse events in elderly users of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy in the province of Manitoba: a retrospective cohort study

J Clin Psychopharmacol 33:24-30. University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications have been widely used in elderly patients for treatment of a variety […]

Emergency department use by the rural elderly

J Emerg Med 18:289-297. Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA This study uses Medicare data to compare emergency department (ED) use […]

The potential of risk adjustment for the Military Health System TRICARE Program

Mil ed 170:964-971. AdvanceMed/CSC, Plaza America Drive, Reston, VA, USA Using industry leading methods and software products, this article explores the potential for health risk […]

The effects of interdisciplinary outpatient geriatrics on the use, costs and quality of health services in the fee-for-service environment

Aging Clin Exp Res 20:556-561. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To evaluate the effect of interdisciplinary outpatient […]

The relationship between effectiveness and costs measured by a risk-adjusted case-mix system: multicentre study of Catalonian population data bases

BMC Public Health 9:202. Directorate of Planning, Badalona Serveis Assistencials SA, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain BACKGROUND: The main objective of this study is to measure the […]

Adjusted Clinical Groups use at a Spanish primary care center: a retrospective, population-based study

Rev Panam Salud Publica 27:49-55. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, S.A., Barcelona, Spain OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the results of implementing a […]

What is the comparative health status and associated risk factors for the Metis? A population-based study in Manitoba, Canada

BMC Public Health 11:814. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada BACKGROUND: Métis are descendants of early 17th century relationships between […]

Impact of bariatric surgery on health care utilization and costs among patients with diabetes

Med Care 50:58-65. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA BACKGROUND: The effect of bariatric surgery […]

Case-mix adjusting performance measures in a veteran population: pharmacy- and diagnosis-based approaches

Health Serv Res 38:1319-1337. VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA OBJECTIVE: To compare the rankings for health care utilization performance measures at […]

Risk adjusting capitation: applications in employed and disabled populations

Health Care Manag Sci 3:101-109. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Risk adjustment may be a sensible strategy to reduce selection […]

Use of risk adjustment in setting budgets and measuring performance in primary care I: how it works

BMJ 323:604-607. School of Public Policy, University College London, London, UK No abstract PMID: 11557709 PMCID: PMC55577

Are low-income elderly patients at risk for poor diabetes care?

Diabetes Care 27:1060-1065. Colorado Foundation for Medical Care, Denver, CO, USA OBJECTIVE: Diabetes is common among low-income elderly, dual-eligible (DE) Medicare/Medicaid patients resulting in significant […]

Obtaining the mean relative weights of the cost of care in Catalonia (Spain): retrospective application of the Adjusted Clinical Groups case-mix system in primary health care

J Eval Clin Pract 19:267-276. Directorate of Planning, Badalona Serveis Assistencials SA, Badalona, Spain OBJECTIVE: The study aims to obtain the mean relative weights (MRWs) […]

Exploratory analysis of high CT scan utilization in claims data

J Am Coll Radiol 11:51-58. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. USA; Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA PURPOSE: This study explores characteristics that distinguish higher […]

Increased risk of complications following total joint arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Arthritis Rheumatol 66:254-263. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada OBJECTIVE: Most of the evidence regarding complications following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty […]

High-risk case identification for use in comprehensive complex care management

Popul Health Manag. Clalit Research Institute , Chief Physician’s Office, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel . The current study aimed to develop a patient […]

Association of the Hospital Volume of Frail Surgical Patients Cared for with Outcomes after Elective, Major Noncardiac Surgery

Background: Frailty is a risk factor for adverse postoperative outcomes. Hospitals that perform higher volumes of surgery have better outcomes than low-volume providers. We hypothesized […]

A health insurance plan with wellness features

Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University (doctoral dissertation). Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Employers are increasingly using wellness programs to improve health and lifestyle of employees. […]

Medi-Cal and managed care: risk, costs, and regional variation

Sacramento, CA, USA: Public Policy Institute of California. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; School of Public Health, University of Alabama at […]

Impact of center case volume on cardiotoxicity during adjuvant trastuzumab in breast cancer

2013 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. Abstract 6625. J Clin Oncol 31 (suppl; abstr 6625). University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; St. Michael’s […]

Mesurer la morbidite chez les patients diabetiques a Montreal.

Montreal, QC, Canada: Montreal Health and Social Services Agency. Published in French. Montreal Health and Social Services Agency, Montreal, QC, Canada No abstract

The actual versus expected health care use among Healthy Kids enrollees

Gainesville, FL, USA: Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida. Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA As part of […]

Ambulatory case-mix methodologies: applications to primary care research

In: Grady M, eds. Primary care research: theory and methods. Washington, DC: USDHHS. AHCPR Pub 91-0011:75-81. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA This paper describes […]