Skip to content

Software Update Available: Version 13.0.4. and 14.0.2
This release includes a refinement to Patient Need Group classification logic.
Click for details

2026 ACG User Summit | September 20 – 22 | Orlando, FL
Register by July 31st for early bird pricing!
Register Now

Documents

Documents

Featured thumbnail
The ACG System and Care Management

Linda Dunbar, Vice President of Population Health Care Management at Johns Hopkins HealthCare discusses how the ACG System assisted with Care Management for high-risk individuals […]

Featured thumbnail
Resource Allocation Case Study-Government

The Ministry of Health in Chile used the ACG® System as a risk-adjustment mechanism to improve health care resource allocation and better describe the disease […]

New Summary Measures of Population Health and Well-Being for Implementation by Health Plans and Accountable Care Organizations

Thomas E. Kottke, MD, MSPH; Jason M. Gallagher, MBA; Sachin Rauri, MS; Juliana O. Tillema, MPA; Nicolaas P. Pronk, PhD, FACSM; Susan M. Knudson, MA […]

Comprehensive preventive care assessments for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities-Part 1: How do we know if it’s happening?

Objective To determine how to best measure the provision of comprehensive preventive care assessment to adults with IDD. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Ontario. Participants Adults with […]

Comparing Five Comorbidity Indices to Predict Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract Background: Several different indices summarize patient comorbidity using health care data. An accurate index can be used to describe the risk profile of patients, […]

Exploring the use of machine learning for risk adjustment: A comparison of standard and penalized linear regression models in predicting health care costs in older adults

Abstract   Background Payers and providers still primarily use ordinary least squares (OLS) to estimate expected economic and clinical outcomes for risk adjustment purposes. Penalized […]

Population Health Management Exploiting Machine Learning Algorithms to Identify High-Risk Patients

Abstract Population aging and the increase of chronic conditions incidence and prevalence produce a higher risk of hospitalization or death. This is particularly high for […]

Neuropsychological and Behavioral Outcomes after Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia

Abstract   BACKGROUND Few studies of how exposure of children to anesthesia may affect neurodevelopment employ comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. This study tested the hypothesis that […]

Profiling hospital performance on the basis of readmission after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Background Readmission rates are a widely accepted quality indicator. Our objective was to develop models for calculating case‐mixed adjusted readmission rates after transcatheter aortic […]

Development and Validation of a Score to Predict Acute Care Use After Initiation of Systemic Therapy for Cancer

Abstract Importance  Emergency department visits and hospitalizations after starting systemic therapy for cancer are frequent, undesirable, and costly. A score to quantify the risk of […]

Incidence, Treatment, and Implications of Kidney Stones During Pregnancy: A Matched Population-Based Cohort Study

Abstract Purpose To determine the incidence of kidney stones in pregnancy, the risk of adverse birth outcomes, and treatment trends. Methods We performed a population-based […]

Factors associated with emergency department presentation after total joint arthroplasty: a population-based retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background Unplanned visits to the emergency department after total joint arthroplasty are far more common than unplanned readmissions. Our objectives were to characterize the […]

Uptake and survival effects of minimally invasive surgery for lung cancer: A population-based study

Abstract Introduction Despite growing evidence supporting the safety of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the treatment of lung cancer, its uptake is still variable and […]

Shifts in office and virtual primary care during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Globally, primary care changed dramatically as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to understand the degree to which […]

A Propensity Score–weighted Comparison of Outcomes Between Living and Standard Criteria Deceased Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients

Abstract Background Consider a theoretical situation in which 2 patients with similar baseline characteristics receive a kidney transplant on the same day: 1 from a […]

Costs Associated with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection, Ontario, Canada, 2001–2012

Abstract Objective To determine incidence-based healthcare costs attributable to nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease (PD) and NTM pulmonary isolation (PI), from the healthcare payer perspective […]

Frailty as a predictor of outcomes in patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery

Abstract Objectives To evaluate whether frailty and functional measures are predictors of perioperative complications and length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients undergoing head and […]

Kidney Function and Potassium Monitoring After Initiation of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockade Therapy and Outcomes in 2 North American Populations

Abstract Background Clinical practice guidelines recommend routine kidney function and serum potassium testing within 30 days of initiating ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor or angiotensin II […]

Impact of High Deductible Health Plans on Diabetes Care Quality and Outcomes: Systematic Review

Abstract Objective High deductible health plans (HDHPs) were introduced as a mechanism to reduce healthcare spending by incentivizing patients to be more cost-conscious while making […]

Improving medication adherence and effective prescribing through a patient-centered prescription model in patients with multimorbidity

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to assess the impact of the patient-centered prescription (PCP) model in medication adherence and effective prescribing in patients with multimorbidity. […]

Indicators of publicly funded prescription opioid use among persons with traumatic spinal cord injury in Ontario, Canada

Abstract Objective To describe the proportion and identify predictors of community-dwelling individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) who were dispensed ≥1 publicly funded opioid […]

Analysis of Platelet Count and New Cancer Diagnosis Over a 10-Year Period

Abstract Importance Individuals with cancer often have an elevated platelet count at the time of diagnosis. The extent to which an elevated platelet count is […]

High-Deductible Health Plans Paired With Health Savings Accounts Increased Medication Cost Burden Among Individuals With Bipolar Disorder

ABSTRACT Objective High-deductible health plans paired with health savings accounts (HSA-HDHPs) require substantial out-of-pocket spending for most services, including medications. We examined effects of HSA-HDHPs […]

Social Determinants of Health Influence Future Health Care Costs in the Medicaid Cohort of the District of Columbia Study

Abstract Context Social determinants of health are an important predictor of future health care costs but little is known about their impact on Medicaid spending. […]

Validity of the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups system on the utilisation of healthcare services in Norway: a retrospective crosssectional study

Abstract Background The Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) System is a validated electronic risk stratification system. However, there is a lack of studies on the association […]

Rate of incident dementia and care needs among older adults with new traumatic brain injury: a population-based cohort study

Abstract Background: The long-term impacts of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults are not well known. Our objective was to describe the association between […]

Healthcare use in individuals with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A population-based longitudinal matched cohort study

Abstract Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) experienced worsening symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting in increased demand for healthcare services. However, it is unclear how […]

Improved survival and healthcare utilization with CAR-T vs historical care in relapsed-refractory large B-cell lymphoma

ABSTRACT Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapies have been funded in Canada for relapsed-refractory large B-cell lymphoma (RR-LBCL) after two lines of systemic therapy […]

Short- and Long-Term Healthcare Costs Attributable to Hepatitis B Among Newcomers to Ontario, Canada: A Matched Cohort Study

Abstract Background Healthcare expenditures across the clinical trajectory of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are inadequately characterized, particularly among immigrants. Our aim is to quantify […]

Improved survival and health care use with CAR-T vs historical care in relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma

Abstract Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapies have been funded in Canada for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R-LBCL) after 2 lines of systemic therapy […]

The need for long-term support: Five-year outcomes after severe injury in older adults

Abstract Background While the short-term risks of severe injury among older adults (age≥65) are well studied, little is known about long-term functional outcomes in this […]

Can high-cost spending in the community signal admission to hospital? A dynamic modeling study for urgent and elective cardiovascular patients

Abstract Background Much of the research on high-cost patients in healthcare has taken a static approach to studying what is actually a dynamic process. High-cost […]

Featured thumbnail
Population Health Management: Innovations in Risk Adjustment and Predictive Modeling

Jonathan Weiner, DrPH participated as one of the featured presenters in the 8th Annual Predictive Modeling Web Summit. Watch the below recording of Dr. Weiner’s […]

Featured thumbnail
Using EHR’s Unstructured Data for Risk Stratification

Presented by: Hadi Kharrazi, MHI, MD, PhD
Asst. Professor, JH School of Public Health; Asst. Professor, JH School of Medicine; Research Director, JHCPHIT

This presentation focuses on the potential role of EHR’s unstructured data in identifying frailty markers and improving the prediction of utilization outcomes.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: excess costs before and after initial diagnosis and treatment cost differences by ethnicity

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 160:1063-1069. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, Oakland, CA, USA OBJECTIVES: To estimate the excess costs […]

Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk for acute kidney injury and other adverse outcomes in older adults: a population-based cohort study

Ann Intern Med 161:242-248. London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada; St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Yale University and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New […]

Conspicuous consumption: characterizing high users of physician services in one Canadian province

J Health Serv Res Policy 8:215-224. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14596756. Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada OBJECTIVES: To examine medical […]

A population-based study of ethnicity and breast cancer stage at diagnosis in Ontario

Curr Oncol 22:97-104. Women’s College Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: […]

READMIT: A clinical risk index to predict 30-day readmission after discharge from acute psychiatric units

J Psychiatr Res 61:205-213. Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Women’s College Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada; […]

Geriatric conditions in patients undergoing defibrillator implantation for prevention of sudden cardiac death: prevalence and impact on mortality

Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 9:23-30. Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; […]

Association of anxiety and depression with hypertension control: a US multidisciplinary group practice observational study

J Hypertens 33:221-2222. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System. Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of […]

Intraarticular hip injection and early revision surgery following total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study

Arthritis Rheumatol 67:162-168. University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic intraarticular injections are used in the management of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Some studies suggest […]

Adjusting for case mix and social class in examining variation in home visits between practices

Fam Pract 21:355-363. Public Health Policy Unit, School of Public Policy, University College London, London, UK OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate […]

Profiling primary care physician resource use: examining the application of case mix adjustment

J Ambul Care Manage 19:60-80. Health Services Research and Development Center, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA Growing emphasis on managed care […]

Towards a more equitable distribution of resources and assessment of quality of care: validation of a comorbidity based case-mix system

Harefuah 149:665-669. Published in Hebrew. Planning & Health Policy Division, Clalit Health Services Head Offices, Israel BACKGROUND: Equitable distribution of healthcare resources and fair assessments […]

Forecasting physician workforce requirements

JAMA 273:111; author reply 113. Dr Weiner1 presents an exacting analysis of the likely effects of health system reform on physician workforce requirements. His market approach […]

Healthcare utilization patterns and risk adjustment under Taiwan’s National Health Insurance system

J Formos Med Assoc 101:52-59. Graduate Institute of Health Care Organization Administration, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Some […]

The predictors of self-rated health and the relationship between self-rated health and health service needs are similar across socioeconomic groups in Canada

J Clin Epidemiol 63:412-421. Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, ON, Canada OBJECTIVE: To examine if there are systematic differences in the predictors of self-rated […]

The economic impact of a disability prevention program

J Occup Environ Med 52:15-21. Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA We evaluated the effect […]

Predictive modeling of total healthcare costs using pharmacy claims data: a comparison of alternative econometric cost modeling techniques

Med Care 43:1065-1072. Caremark, Hunt Valley, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate several statistical modeling approaches in predicting prospective total annual health costs (medical […]

The mortality risk score and the ADG score: two points-based scoring systems for the Johns Hopkins aggregated diagnosis groups to predict mortality in a general adult population cohort in Ontario, Canada

Med Care 49:940-947. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Logistic regression models that incorporated age, sex, and indicator variables for the Johns […]

Association of antiepileptic drugs with nontraumatic fractures: a population-based analysis

Arch Neurol 68:107-112. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Foothills Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between antiepileptic drug (AED) use […]

The importance of continuity of care in the likelihood of future hospitalization: is site of care equivalent to a primary clinician?

Am J Public Health 88:1539-1541. Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of continuity […]

Health of Medicare Advantage plan enrollees at 1 year after Hurricane Katrina

Am J Manag Care 15:13-22. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of Hurricane Katrina on mortality, […]

Chiropractic use by urban and rural residents with insurance coverage

J Rural Health 25:253-258. Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA PURPOSE: To describe the use of chiropractic care by urban and […]

Case-mix and variation in specialist referrals in general practice

Br J Gen Pract 55:529-533. University College London Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK BACKGROUND: The potential of a comprehensive measure of patient morbidity to explain […]

US primary care delivery after the Health Center Growth Initiative: comparison of health centers, hospital outpatient departments, and physicians’ offices

J Ambul Care Manage 35:60-74. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA We compared patient management […]

Depression and use of health care services in patients with advanced cancer

Can Fam Physician 59:e168-e174. University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada OBJECTIVE: To examine whether depression in patients with advanced cancer is associated with increased rates […]

Future complexity of care tier affected by depression outcomes

J Prim Care Community Health 5:30-35. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. BACKGROUND: The inclusion of mental health issues in the evaluation of multimorbidity generally has […]

Modelling the ability of risk adjusters to reduce adverse selection in managed care

Appl Health Econ Health Policy 3:107-114. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA, USA Population-based risk adjustment, as applied to reimbursement in […]

Antihypertensive adherence and drug class among Asian Pacific Americans

Ethn Health 12:265-281. Hawaii Medical Service Association, Honolulu, HI, USA OBJECTIVE: Research on adherence has emphasized the need to consider patient ethnicity when developing adherence […]

Use and costs of care in retail clinics versus traditional care sites

Health Aff 27:1283-1292. HealthPartners in Minneapolis, MN, USA Erratum in Health Aff (Millwood). 2008 Nov-Dec;27(6):1751. Retail clinics have generated much interest, promising convenient, lower-cost service […]

Individual and contextual determinants of regional variation in prescription drug use: an analysis of administrative data from British Columbia

PLoS One 5:e15883. Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada BACKGROUND: Increasing attention is being paid to variations […]

Comparative performance of community health centers and other usual sources of primary care

J Ambul Care Manage 34:380-390. Schneider Institutes for Health Policy, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA OBJECTIVE: To determine how Community Health Centers (CHCs) perform relative […]

A population-based analysis of esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas in Ontario, Canada: incidence, risk factors, and regional variation

J Gastrointest Surg 15:782-790. Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada INTRODUCTION: In Western countries, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma […]

Use of complementary and alternative medicine providers by fibromyalgia patients under insurance coverage

Arthritis Rheum 57:71-76. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, and Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA OBJECTIVE: To quantify how visits and expenditures differ between insured […]

Two-year trends in cancer screening among low socioeconomic status women in an HMO-based high-deductible health plan

J Gen Intern Med 27:1112-9. Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA BACKGROUND: Cancer screening is often fully covered under high-deductible health […]

Early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a population-based retrospective cohort study of variation in practice

CMAJO 1:E62-E67. University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND:  Despite evidence in favour of early cholecystectomy for most patients with acute cholecystitis, variation in practice […]

The impact of high-deductible health plans on men and women: an analysis of emergency department care

Med Care 51:639-645. Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA BACKGROUND: Prior studies show that men […]

Predictive risk modelling in the Spanish population: a cross-sectional study

BMC Health Serv Res 13:269. Osakidetza, Basque Health Service, Bilbao, Spain. BACKGROUND: An increase in chronic conditions is currently the greatest threat to human health […]

Low-socioeconomic-status enrollees in high-deductible plans reduced high-severity emergency care

Health Aff 32:1398-1406. Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA One-third of US workers now have high-deductible health plans, and […]

Undiagnosed hypertension among young adults with regular primary care use

J Hypertens 32:65-74. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System and School of Pharmacy, University of […]

Age and gender differences in the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in the older population

BMC Geriatr 14:75. Department of Health Wellbeing and Family, Government of Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain BACKGROUND: The coexistence of several chronic diseases in one same individual, […]

The impact of influenza vaccination on hospitalizations and mortality among frail older people

J Am Med Dir Assoc 15:256-260. National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of influenza vaccination […]

Federally qualified health center efficacy study

Montpelier, VT, USA: Vermont Program for Quality in Health Care. Vermont Program for Quality in Health Care, Montpelier, VT, USA OBJECTIVE: The objective of the […]

Homecare after pediatric traumatic brain injury: what do they use and how much does it cost?

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 96:e38. University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada Objective(s): To determine, by sex, the predictors, types, and direct cost of publicly funded […]

Trends in abdominal aneurysm surgery, 2002-2014

Toronto, ON, Canada: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (internal report). Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study […]

Building a predictive model for 30-day inpatient readmission using PROC PHREG

Presented at NESUG 2012. Baltimore, MD, USA: North East SAS User Group. Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins […]

Adverse selection, welfare and the optimal pricing of employer-sponsored health plans

St. Paul, MN, USA: University of Minnesota and NBER. University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA We assess the welfare impact of adverse selection in […]

Patterns of regional mental illness disorder diagnoses and service use in Manitoba: a population-based study

Winnepeg, MB, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Mental illness is a profound problem […]

Ambulatory Care Groups: an evaluation for military health care use

Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA: United States Army Center for Healthcare Education and Studies, publication #HR 94-004. United States Army Center for Healthcare Education and […]

Models for Medicare payment system reform based on group-specific volume performance standards (GVPS)

Waltham, MA, USA: Brandeis University. Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA This report discusses potential policy options for Medicare based on Group-Specific Volume Performance Standards (GVPS). […]

Aging in Ontario: an ICES chartbook of health service use by older adults

Toronto, ON, Canada: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences. Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada Recent investments by the Ontario Ministry of Health and […]

Impacto economico de las enfermedades y pacientes atendidos en atencion primaria adaptacion de los Grupos Clinicos Adjustados (ACGs) en nuestro medio

Barcelona, Spain: University of Barcelona (doctoral dissertation). Published in Spanish. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain El objetivo general de este trabajo es medir el impacto […]

Outcomes of care for South Carolina Medicaid managed care enrollees, state fiscal year 2007

Final report to the South Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Columbia, SC, USA: University of South Carolina. University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, […]

Primary health care reimbursement based on socioeconomics or disease burden

Primärvårdsersättning efter socioekonomi eller sjukdomsbörda. [Primary health care reimbursement based on socioeconomics or disease burden. Registry study from Östergötland shows different results depending on analysis […]

Implementation of electronic medical records and preventive services: a mixed methods study

Toronto, ON, Canada: University of Toronto (masters thesis). University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) may lead to improved […]

Primärvården som koordinator för de mest sjuka äldre – implikationer för mål och indikatorer

In: Karlsson AK, Winberg H, ed. På väg mot en värdefull styrning. LHC Report: #1, 2012. Stockholm, Sweden: Stiftelsen Leading Health Care:150-172. Published in Swedish. […]

Demand for health among Canadians: roles of immigration status, country of origin, and year since migration

Toronto, ON, Canada: University of Toronto (doctoral dissertation). University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada This thesis investigates the effects of immigration status, country of origin, […]

Complications following total joint arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Toronto, ON, Canada: University of Toronto (doctoral dissertation). University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada BACKGROUND: Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is indicated in persons with end-stage […]

Working for Better Health in Wandsworth -The ACG System’s role in transforming services through innovative care models

Working for Better Health in Wandsworth -The ACG System’s role in transforming services through innovative care models

Leicester City CCG Case Study 1

Use of ACG® System output to support practices in participating in the Unplanned Admissions DES 2014-15

Predictive Models in the ACG® System: Recalibration of Existing Models and Development of New Ones

This short report provides details of the second recalibration of the existing models and the development of new models that was carried out by the […]

Health Care Reform In the US and England

The Johns Hopkins University Health Care Reform In the US and England: Commonalities and potential contribution of case-mix & predictive risk modeling tools Jonathan Weiner, […]

Applying the ACG® System to a Retrospective Electronic Database

Applying the Johns Hopkins ACG Applying the Johns Hopkins ACG Casemix Casemix System to a Retrospective Electronic Database: A 5 to a Retrospective Electronic Database: […]

Patient Identification with Incomplete Data

DST Health Solutions Patient Identification with Incomplete Data Kelsey Rauch