Skip to content

Software Update Available: Version 13.0.4 and 14.0.2
This release includes a refinement to Patient Need Group classification logic.
Click for details

2026 ACG User Summit
September 20 – 22 | Orlando, FL
Register Now

Documents

Bibliography

The Johns Hopkins ACG® System Bibliography provides links to more than 900 papers and reports from across the globe detailing various studies utilizing the ACG System in a variety of locations, populations, and innovative applications.

Please use the below search box to find articles on specific topics or keywords. You can also use the filters below to refine further.

A comparative analysis of claims-based tools for health risk assessment

Schaumburg, IL, USA: Society of Actuaries. Japanese translation published by Tokyo Gakugei University. Society of Actuaries, Schaumburg, IL, USA This Society of Actuaries research project […]

Comparing self-reported health status and diagnosis-based risk adjustment to predict 1- and 2 to 5-year mortality

Health Serv Res 42:629-643. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Health Services Research and Development Service, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, […]

Is the class half empty? A population-based perspective on socioeconomic status and educational outcomes

IRPP Choices 12:1-30. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The purpose of […]

Biphasic fracture risk in diabetes: a population-based study

Bone 40:1595-1601. Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Diabetes is associated with increased fracture rates but the effect size, time course and […]

Use of complementary and alternative medicine providers by fibromyalgia patients under insurance coverage

Arthritis Rheum 57:71-76. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, and Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA OBJECTIVE: To quantify how visits and expenditures differ between insured […]

The excess medical cost and health problems of family members of persons diagnosed with alcohol or drug problems

Med Care 45:116-122. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA BACKGROUND: Having a family member with substance use problems affects family functioning, […]

Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) and co-morbidity

ImPrim Report D. Karlskrona, Sweden: ImPrim. Blekinge Centre of Competence, Karlskrona, Sweden No abstract

The effect of distance to primary care physician on health care utilization and disease burden

Health Care Manage Rev 32:22-29. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA. BACKGROUND: The relationship of distance to care with total health care utilization […]

The effect of complementary and alternative medicine claims on risk adjustment

Med Care 44:1078-1084. Department of Nursing, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess how the inclusion of claims from complementary and […]

Effectiveness of bone density measurement for predicting osteoporotic fractures in clinical practice

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 92:77-81. Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada CONTEXT: Bone density measurement with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is widely used […]

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children: excess costs before and after initial diagnosis and treatment cost differences by ethnicity

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 160:1063-1069. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Northern California Region, Oakland, CA, USA OBJECTIVES: To estimate the excess costs […]

Comparative study at 4 health centres of efficiency, measured on the basis of Ambulatory Care Groups

Aten Primaria 38:275-282. Published in Spanish. Badalona Serveis Assistencials, Badalona (Barcelona), España OBJECTIVE: To measure efficiency in the use of resources for the care lists […]

The effect of socioeconomic status on bone density testing in a public health-care system

Osteoporos Int 18:153-158. Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: An inverse relationship exists between socio-economic status (SES) and osteoporotic fractures. In […]

In search of the perfect comorbidity measure for use with administrative claims data: does it exist?

Med Care 44:745-753. Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA BACKGROUND: Numerous measures of comorbidity have been developed for health services research […]

Adapting the Rx-Risk-V for mortality prediction in outpatient populations

Med Care 44:793-797. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA OBJECTIVES: We sought […]

Insurance coverage and subsequent utilization of complementary and alternative medicine providers

Am J Manag Care 12:397-404. Department of Health Services, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA BACKGROUND: Since 1996, […]

Optimal pricing of employment-based health plans

Minneapolis, MN, USA: University of Minnesota (doctoral dissertation). University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Employer-provided health insurance is a major component of the health care […]

Validating the Johns Hopkins ACG Case-Mix System of the elderly in Swedish primary health care

BMC Public Health 6:171. Blekinge Institute for Research & Development, Karlshamn, Sweden BACKGROUND: Individual based measures for comorbidity are of increasing importance for planning and […]

The interaction of ethnicity and chronic disease as risk factors for osteoporotic fractures: a comparison in Canadian Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals

Osteoporos Int 17:1358-1368. Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada INTRODUCTION: Efforts to develop global methods for absolute fracture risk prediction are currently […]

Retrospective application of Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACGs) at a primary care centre

Aten Primaria 37:439-445. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Servicios Asistenciales S.A. Badalona, Barcelona, España OBJECTIVE: To evaluate retrospectively the application of adjusted clinical […]

Editorial: Managing costs with software. Advance for Health Information Executives

Advance Newsmagazines, King of Prussia, PA, USA More than two years ago when Dave Ford took over as CEO at CareOregon in Portland, Ore., the […]

Development and validation of a psychiatric case-mix system

Med Care 44:568-580. VA Puget Sound Health Care System, and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA BACKGROUND: Although […]

Application of patient safety indicators in Manitoba: a first look.

Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Although there has always been an interest in patient […]

Risk adjustment in competitive health plan markets

In: Culyer AJ, Newhouse JP, ed. Handbook of Health Economics, Volume 1. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Science B. V.:755-845. Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Boston University, Boston, […]

Equity in health, health care services use and health care financing in British Columbia, 1992 and 2002

Vancouver, BC, Canada: University of British Columbia (doctoral dissertation). University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada The objectives of this thesis are to identify equity […]

Measurement of relative cost weights as an effect of the retrospective application of Adjusted Clinical Groups in primary care

Gac Sanit 20:132-141. Published in Spanish. Badalona Serveis Assistencials, S.A., Badalona, Barcelona, España OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to obtain the cost’s relative […]

Clinical categories of patients and encounter rates in primary health care – a three-year study in defined populations

BMC Public Health 6:35. Center for Family and Community Medicine, Neurotec Department, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden BACKGROUND: The objective was to estimate the proportion of […]

The importance of comorbidity in analysing patient costs in Swedish primary care

BMC Public Health 6:36. Ryd Primary Health Care Centre, Linköping, Sweden BACKGROUND: The objective was to explore the usefulness of the morbidity risk adjustment system […]

Population-based medical and disease management: an evaluation of cost and quality

Dis Manag 9:45-55. UMHS Medical Management Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Reports by the Institute of Medicine and the Health Care Financing […]

Morbidity and older persons’ perceptions of the quality of their primary care

J Am Geriatr Soc 54:330-334. Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA […]

Clinical features of high-risk older persons identified by predictive modeling

Dis Manag 9:56-62. Johns Hopkins HealthCare, Glen Burnie, MD, USA The objective of this study was to describe the clinical features of older persons identified […]

Prospects of Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG’s) in capitated payment risk adjustment

Rev Esp Salud Publica 80:55-65. Published in Spanish. Dirección de Planificación y Desarrollo Organizativo, Badalona, Serveis Assistencials, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain BACKGROUND: Most patient classification systems […]

Managing the gap: evaluating the impact of Medicaid managed care on service use and disparities in health care access

Baltimore, MD, USA: University of Maryland (doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA The National Institutes of Health (NIH) define a health disparity as […]

Use of diagnosis-based risk adjustment models to predict individual health care expenditure under the National Health Insurance system in Taiwan

J Formos Med Assoc 104:883-890. Graduate Institute of Health Care Organization Administration, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diagnostic […]

Socioeconomic status and the utilization of diagnostic imaging in an urban setting

CMAJ 173:1173-1177. Radiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: An inverse relationship exists between socio-economic status (SES) and osteoporotic fractures. In publicly […]

The potential of risk adjustment for the Military Health System TRICARE Program

Mil ed 170:964-971. AdvanceMed/CSC, Plaza America Drive, Reston, VA, USA Using industry leading methods and software products, this article explores the potential for health risk […]

Effects of comorbidity and clustering upon referrals in primary care

J Am Board Fam Pract 18:449-452. Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of patient characteristics and […]

Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data

Med Care 43:1130-1139. Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada OBJECTIVES: Implementation of the International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related […]

Predictive modeling of total healthcare costs using pharmacy claims data: a comparison of alternative econometric cost modeling techniques

Med Care 43:1065-1072. Caremark, Hunt Valley, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate several statistical modeling approaches in predicting prospective total annual health costs (medical […]

Pharmacy- and diagnosis-based risk adjustment for children with Medicaid

Med Care 43:1155-1159. Center for Child and Adolescent Health Policy, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA BACKGROUND: Risk […]

Risk assessment of military populations to predict health care cost and utilization

Final report prepared for Center for Health Care Management Studies. RTI Project No. 08490.006. Washington, DC, USA: RTI International and Boston University School of Medicine. […]

Sex differences in health status, health care use and quality of care: a population-based analysis for Manitoba’s regional health authorities

Winnipeg, MB, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, […]

Rural American Indian Medicaid health care services use and health care costs in California

Am J Public Health 96:363-370. Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, USA OBJECTIVES: We determined differences in Medicaid service use and […]

The population health approach: health GIS as a bridge from theory to practice

Int J Health Geogr 4:23. Population Health Surveillance Unit, Vancouver Island Health Authority, Victoria, BC, Canada BACKGROUND: The Population Health Approach, proposed by Health Canada, […]

Medical and pharmacy expenditures after implementation of a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor prior authorization program

Pharmacotherapy 25:924-934. Medical and Pharmacy Integration Services, Prime Therapeutics, LLC, Eagan, MN, USA STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor prior […]

Case-mix and variation in specialist referrals in general practice

Br J Gen Pract 55:529-533. University College London Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK BACKGROUND: The potential of a comprehensive measure of patient morbidity to explain […]

Predicting persistently high primary care use

Ann Fam Med 3:324-330. Division of Health Care Policy & Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA PURPOSE: […]

Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACGs) explain the utilization of primary care in Spain based on information registered in the medical records: a cross-sectional study

Health Policy 76:38-48. Centro de Salud Astrabudua, Consulado Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown the validity of Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACGs) in the […]

Comparison of the predictive validity of diagnosis-based risk adjusters for clinical outcomes

Med Care 43:61-67. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Houston VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA OBJECTIVES: Many possible methods of risk […]

Strategies for assessing health plan performance on chronic diseases: selecting performance indicators and applying health-based risk adjustment

Hamilton, NJ, USA: Center for Health Care Strategies. University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA As Medicaid managed […]

Disease burden in the managed care population at an academic medical center: the effect of adding local partners

Acad Med 80:587-593. University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA. jbilli@umich.edu PURPOSE: Academic medical centers (AMCs) have traditionally cared for the most severely ill […]

The performance of administrative and self-reported measures for risk adjustment of Veterans Affairs expenditures

Health Serv Res 40:887-904. Health Services Research and Development Northwest Center of Excellence, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA. OBJECTIVE: To […]

Comorbidity and the use of primary care and specialist care in the elderly

Ann Fam Med 3:215-222. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA PURPOSE: The impact of comorbidity on […]

Pharmaceutical use among older adults: using administrative data to examine medication-related issues

Can J Aging 24 Suppl 1:81-95. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Medication use is […]

Comparing the value of three main diagnostic-based risk-adjustment systems (DBRAS)

Ottawa, ON, Canada: Canadian Health Services Research Foundation. Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, Ottawa, ON, Canada Diagnostic-Based Risk-Adjustment Systems (DBRAS) are now widely used in […]

Risk classification of adult primary care patients by self-reported quality of life

Med Care 43:189-193. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA BACKGROUND: Although patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is […]

Chronic conditions and co-morbidity among residents of British Columbia

Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia. Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada […]

The feasibility of an outpatient casemix classification system based on the health insurance database in Thailand

Health Systems Research Institute and Alliances :Published in Thai. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of an outpatient casemix classification system […]

Pay for performance: an excellent idea that simply needs implementation

Qual Manag Health Care 14:31-44. 3M Health Information Systems, Wallingford, CT, USA Pay for performance cannot consist of a one-size-fits-all approach. Variation in quality and […]

Does community-governed nonprofit primary care improve access to services? Cross-sectional survey of practice characteristics

Int J Health Serv 35:465-478. Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, New Zealand This study compared community-governed nonprofit and for-profit […]

Clinical and economic features of categories of patients in defined populations

Stockholm, Sweden: Karolinska Institute (doctoral dissertation). Department of Clinical Services, Center for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden This thesis addresses the use […]

Using health research in policy and practice: case studies from nine countries

New York, NY, USA: Academy Health/Milbank Memorial Fund. Academy Health/Milbank Memorial Fund, New York, NY, USA As the move toward an evidence-based approach to health […]

Involuntary unemployment and mortality in Taiwan

J Formos Med Assoc 103:900-907. Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Unemployment is known to be associated with increased […]

Health-based capitation risk adjustment in Minnesota public health care programs

Health Care Financ Rev 26:21-41. Gregory A. Gifford and Kevan R. Edwards are with the Minnesota Department of Health. David J. Knutson is with the […]

Racial and ethnic differences in utilization of health services in patients with diabetes enrolled in Medicaid

J Health Care Poor Underserved 15:562-575. General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA. We evaluated racial and […]

Identifying controlled substance patterns of utilization requiring evaluation using administrative claims data

Am J Manag Care 10:783-790. HSI Network LLC, USA OBJECTIVES: To develop a systems approach to identify, for further evaluation, patients with potential controlled substance […]

A randomized study to decrease the use of potentially inappropriate medications among community-dwelling older adults in a southeastern managed care organization

Am J Manag Care 10:761-768. Department of Medicine and Center for Healthcare Improvement, Medical College of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga, USA BACKGROUND: Despite progress in describing […]

Prescription drug coverage, health, and medication acquisition among seniors with one or more chronic conditions

Med Care 42:1056-1065. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15586832. Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. BACKGROUND: The unabated rise in medication costs particularly affects older persons with […]

Comparison of private for-profit with private community-governed not-for-profit primary care services in New Zealand

J Health Serv Res Policy 9 Suppl 2:17-22. Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand OBJECTIVE: To compare […]

Common comorbidity scales were similar in their ability to predict health care costs and mortality

J Clin Epidemiol 57:1040-1048. Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of commonly used measures of medical comorbidity […]

Characteristics and risk factors associated with high-cost Medicaid recipients

Manag Care Interface 17:20-27. College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA Characteristics and risk factors of fee-for-service Medicaid patients (age 65 yr) with […]

Predicting healthcare costs in a population of Veterans Affairs beneficiaries using diagnosis-based risk adjustment and self-reported health status

Med Care 42:1027-1035. Houston Center for Quality of Care and Utilization Studies, Health Services Research and Development Service, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, […]

Promoting advance directives among elderly primary care patients

J Gen Intern Med 19:944-951. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: To determine efficient ways of promoting advance directives among […]

Patterns of regional mental illness disorder diagnoses and service use in Manitoba: a population-based study

Winnepeg, MB, Canada: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Mental illness is a profound problem […]

Types of morbidity and categories of patients in a Swedish county. Applying the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups System to encounter data in primary health care

Scand J Prim Health Care 22:174-179. Center for Family Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden OBJECTIVE: To elucidate types of morbidity and […]

Studying effects of primary care physicians and patients on the trade-off between charges for primary care and specialty care using a hierarchical multivariate two-part model

Department of Biostatistics Working Paper 51. Baltimore, MD, USA: Johns Hopkins University. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE. To examine effects of primary care […]

Adjusting for case mix and social class in examining variation in home visits between practices

Fam Pract 21:355-363. Public Health Policy Unit, School of Public Policy, University College London, London, UK OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate […]

Economic profiling of primary care physicians: consistency among risk-adjusted measures

Health Serv Res 39:985-1003. Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether different risk-adjustment methodologies and economic profiling […]

Understanding approaches to case-mix assessment and case-mix adjustment

JHQ Online :W5-24 – W5-29. McKesson Medical Management Group, Newton, MA. Rising healthcare costs coupled with diminishing financial  resources are stimulating changes in the organization […]

Addition of pharmacy cost data improves performance of the Adjusted Clinical Groups predictive model for total health care costs overall and within disease specific groups

Value in Health 7:371. AdvancePCS, Hunt Valley, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of adding the pharmacy cost data option to the Adjusted Clinical […]

An operational framework for paying physician specialists a risk-adjusted fixed payment and incorporating the results in a global premium rating model

Los Angeles, CA, USA: UCLA (doctoral dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA The demand for more accurate and equitable professional medical specialty payments […]

Health-based risk assessment: risk-adjusted payments and beyond

Washington, DC, USA: AcademyHealth. AcademyHealth, Washington, DC, USA A number of payers across the country, including Medicaid managed care programs, the Medicare+Choice program, some state […]

Cardiology workforce: a shortage, not a surplus

Health Aff W4:64-66. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA The United States faces a serious shortage of cardiologists as our population ages and […]

Adjusted Clinical Groups – an instrument to predict resource use: a population-based healthcare management tool

Gesundheits- und Sozialpolitik 1-2:8-15. Published in German. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA Advances in information technology, electronic billing, and diagnostic […]

Use predictive modeling to improve profitability under cap

National Health Information LLC. Capitation Rates and Data 9:61-65. National Health Information LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA Health plans and capitated provider organizations live or die […]

Burden of illness in defined populations

Stockholm, Sweden: Karolinska Institute. Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden This thesis addresses possibilities of describing the burden of illness in a population by elucidating morbidity and […]

Provider profiling: implementation issues within Florida MediPass

Gainesville, FL, USA: University of Florida. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Provider profiling use epidemiological methods to compare physician practice  patterns across various dimensions […]

Comparing accuracy of risk-adjustment methodologies used in economic profiling of physicians

Inquiry 41:218-231. Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA This paper examines the relative accuracy of risk-adjustment methodologies […]

Are low-income elderly patients at risk for poor diabetes care?

Diabetes Care 27:1060-1065. Colorado Foundation for Medical Care, Denver, CO, USA OBJECTIVE: Diabetes is common among low-income elderly, dual-eligible (DE) Medicare/Medicaid patients resulting in significant […]

Predictors of children’s healthcare use: the value of child versus parental perspectives on healthcare needs

Med Care 42:232-238. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study […]

Predicting resource utilization in a Veterans Health Administration primary care population: comparison of methods based on diagnoses and medications

Med Care 42:123-128. Medical Service, Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA BACKGROUND: Valid methods of predicting resource utilization in primary care populations […]

Evaluating diagnosis-based risk-adjustment methods in a population with spinal cord dysfunction

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85:218-226. OBJECTIVE: To examine performance of models in predicting health care utilization for individuals with spinal cord dysfunction.DESIGN: Regression models compared […]

Modelling the ability of risk adjusters to reduce adverse selection in managed care

Appl Health Econ Health Policy 3:107-114. Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA, USA Population-based risk adjustment, as applied to reimbursement in […]

Quality, costs and the role of primary health care

Linkoping, Sweden: Linkoping University. Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden The general aim of this thesis is to describe and analyse the role of primary  care in […]

The changing shape of the physician workforce in prepaid group practice

Health Aff W4:60-63. Permanente Federation, Kaiser Permanente Health Care Program, Oakland, CA, USA Multiple factors have combined to change the size and specialty composition of […]

Do we need more physicians?

Health Aff W4:67-69. Center for the Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA A reexamination of physician productivity can resolve the current workforce […]

Benefits and pitfalls in applying the experience of prepaid group practices to the U.S. physician supply

Health Aff W4:73-75. Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA The paper […]

Physicians and prepaid group practices

Health Aff W4:76-78. Commonwealth Fund, New York, NY, USA Prepaid group practices (PGPs) are complex organizations that directly combine prepayment for health care with a […]

My dad was not a prepaid group practice patient

Health Aff W4:70-72. Project Hope, Millwood, VA, USA The author’s father was a psychiatrist, a concerned citizen, and a Medicare patient. He died recently after […]

Using risk-adjustment models to identify high-cost risks

Med Care 41:1301-1312. Center for Health Research, Northwest and Hawaii, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, OR, USA BACKGROUND: We examine the ability of various publicly available […]