Documents
Bibliography
The Johns Hopkins ACG® System Bibliography provides links to more than 900 papers and reports from across the globe detailing various studies utilizing the ACG System in a variety of locations, populations, and innovative applications.
Please use the below search box to find articles on specific topics or keywords. You can also use the filters below to refine further.
Abstract Objectives: Our objectives were to evaluate symptom prevalence, severity, and temporal trends ≤ 18 months from gynecologic cancer (Gyn-Ca) diagnosis using the ESAS-r questionnaire […]
ABSTRACT Background Despite therapy, some patients with rheumatoid arthritis related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) require lung transplantation for progressive disease. We aimed to identify factors […]
Abstract Objective To compare the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of limited and persistent uveitis cases and temporal trends in incidence in Ontario. Methods A retrospective […]
Summary Background Adolescents appear to be at increased risk of mental illness during pregnancy and the first year postpartum, although most studies to date are […]
Abstract Background: General practice in England is experiencing rising demand, workforce diversification, and widening health inequalities. However, there is limited empirical evidence describing how general […]
Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Canada, with most cases diagnosed at advanced stage. Despite universal healthcare, social determinants of […]
Abstract Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been associated with increased prostate cancer risk in case–control and cohort studies of men with a negative prostate […]
ABSTRACT Objectives Infective endocarditis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Long-term outcome data after surgery are limited. We sought to analyze 25-year outcomes following […]
Background Recent randomized evidence suggesting that simple hysterectomy is non-inferior to radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer patients with low-risk disease has invigorated questions about the […]
Abstract Background: Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is often described as a multisystem pain condition, yet population-level evidence on adolescent antecedents is scarce. We examined whether […]
Abstract Background The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) tools is now common in the advancement of health care services and clinical risk […]
ABSTRACT Background Predictive risk stratification tools are widely used to support proactive care for older adults, yet head-to-head external validation within local English health systems […]
Abstract Background Continuity of care is key for high-quality primary care, associated with improved health outcomes, reduced mortality and more efficient use of resources. Achieving […]
Abstract Background Long-term benzodiazepine use has been associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Preventing long-term use through safer prescribing practices has received little […]
Abstract BACKGROUND CONTEXT Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with substantial long-term healthcare utilization. While prior studies have quantified costs, few have contextualized expenditures […]
Abstract Introduction Patient attachment to a primary care medical home has emerged as a key strategy to strengthen population health in high-income countries, including the […]
Abstract Introduction: Health systems are increasingly using population segmentation for planning to organise populations into segments with similar health characteristics. However, given that these data-driven approaches […]
Abstract Introduction: Person centred care planning and models of care coordination across levels of care reduce fragmentation and unnecessary resource use. Our objectives were to […]
ABSTRACT Background This study examined the association between maternal immigrant status and survival of children with congenital heart diseases (CHD) in Ontario, Canada. Methods A […]
Abstract Background: Use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools is now common in the advancement of healthcare services and clinical risk estimation. Legacy […]
Abstract Purpose Primary care provider (PCP) continuity improves many health outcomes, but its impact on breast cancer survival remains unclear. We examined how baseline PCP […]
Abstract Background Timely treatment of Stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is essential to improving outcomes, yet disparities persist in access to treatment across […]
Abstract Multimorbidity, defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions in one individual, poses substantial challenges to patients and healthcare systems, yet evidence […]
Abstract Background Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are heterogeneous conditions with a high multimorbidity burden. However, existing risk […]
Abstract Introduction: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of methadone and sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone and their association with treatment discontinuation using real-world data from Ontario, Canada. […]
Abstract Importance Pregnancy and parental leave remain poorly supported in medical culture, yet little is known about how physicians adjust their workloads around childbirth. Objective […]
ABSTRACT Introduction To investigate (1) prevalence and time trends in opioid use during pregnancy and (2) patterns of opioid use before and during pregnancy, among […]
Abstract Background Frailty is common amongst individuals presenting with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Not only has frailty been found to have disease-modifying effects in terms […]
Abstract Background & Aims Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may have worse obstetrical outcomes than those without IBD. We assessed the odds of severe […]
Abstract Background Family physicians (FP) are critical in providing outpatient end-of-life (EOL) care, yet most continuity measures do not consider temporal changes in visits. The […]
Abstract Background Many burn survivors experience poor long-term outcomes, including reduced quality of life and greater mortality than the general population, yet post-discharge interventions to […]
Abstract Introduction/Objectives: House call programs provide care for homebound patients. We conducted a case-control study to compare hospitalization and/or emergency department (ED) use by patients […]
Abstract Background Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) is being adopted rapidly, but data on its real-world safety compared with conventional TKA (cTKA) outside specialized centers […]
Abstract Objectives: To assess how social risk factors and socioeconomic status (SES) affect health care costs at a large, integrated health system of 45 clinics […]
Abstract Background While the short-term risks of severe injury among older adults (age≥65) are well studied, little is known about long-term functional outcomes in this […]
Abstract Background While the short-term risks of severe injury among older adults (age≥65) are well studied, little is known about long-term functional outcomes in this […]
Purpose of review Health equity has emerged as a priority in urology, as disparities in access to care and health outcomes are driven by social, […]
Abstract Background Biennial breast screening enables timely diagnosis, a critical determinant of survival. However, this benefit depends on navigating complex healthcare systems where immigrant women […]
Abstract Background COVID-19 vaccines can cause rare but serious adverse events such as myocarditis and immune thrombocytopenia. Despite a lack of strong evidence, concerns have […]
Abstract Background Intensive end-of-life (EOL) care is emotionally and financially burdensome, disproportionally negatively impacting racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and lower socioeconomic seniors. Objectives […]
Abstract Introduction The Social Care Network (SCN) is a payor–provider-system integrated social care referral model designed to address historical challenges of scalability and sustainability through […]
Abstract Objectives Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a rare condition that affects reproductive-age women with excellent clinical outcomes if treated appropriately. The study aims to […]
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the associations between surgeon-patient sex concordance, long-term clinical outcomes and healthcare costs. Background Data: Emerging data suggest surgeon-patient sex concordance may […]
Abstract Knowledge of patterns in COVID-19 deaths by area-level income over time and the mediating role of vaccination in inequality patterns remains limited. We used […]
Abstract Objective: To compare the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Background: Bariatric surgery is […]
Abstract Introduction Pulmonary lobectomy represents the primary curative treatment for lung cancer in older adults, yet frailty’s impact on critical early postoperative outcomes remains inadequately […]
Abstract Objectives Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Veterans and former Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) members (“Veterans/former RCMP members”) may be at increased risk of mental […]
Abstract Traumatic injuries represent a significant public health challenge, affecting millions worldwide annually and necessitating acute pain management that frequently involves the use of opioid […]
ABSTRACT Background People with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) experience breast cancer care inequities relative to those without IDD. Identifying factors associated with receipt of […]
Abstract Introduction Primary care attachment is the formal or informal affiliation with a regular primary care clinician. In countries with near-universal primary care, a physician’s […]
Abstract Background Healthcare expenditures across the clinical trajectory of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are inadequately characterized, particularly among immigrants. Our aim is to quantify […]
Abstract Background and Objectives Days alive and at home (DAH) is a validated outcome measure that captures health care transitions between time spent at home […]
Abstract Background and objectives Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystemic disease, characterized by cutaneous manifestations and peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Patients also have a […]
Abstract Background To assess population-level trends in use of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) among ovarian cancer patients in the years following initial FDA approvals. […]
Introduction Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the cornerstone of rapid revascularization in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [1]. Patients undergoing PCI frequently present with multiple comorbidities, […]
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Survivors of severe traumatic injury remain at elevated risk of death in the years after injury. Little is known about how long-term mortality […]
Abstract Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapies have been funded in Canada for relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (R/R-LBCL) after 2 lines of systemic therapy […]
Graphical abstract
Abstract Background Shingles remains a significant cause of morbidity in people living with HIV despite advances in antiretroviral therapy. The recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is […]
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 strained Ontario’s health system, with social determinants of health (SDH) underexplored in cost analyses. We examined COVID-19 attributable healthcare resource use and costs […]
Abstract Purpose To evaluate longitudinal trends and determinants of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening uptake over 10 years among adults with newly diagnosed diabetes in Ontario, […]
ABSTRACT Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapies have been funded in Canada for relapsed-refractory large B-cell lymphoma (RR-LBCL) after two lines of systemic therapy […]
Abstract Importance Prior research conducted in private for-profit health care systems has suggested that social determinants of health (SDOH) play a role in adverse postoperative […]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the association of home socioeconomic status (SES) with days at home and survival after treatment […]
Abstract Purpose Older and frail adults were under-represented in clinical trials evaluating ICIs, leading to a knowledge gap on their risk of acute care use […]
Abstract Surgical resection is recommended for operable stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while radiotherapy reserved for inoperable patients. Very comorbid patients may receive no […]
Abstract Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have increased among younger populations, including pregnant people. While universal screening guidelines have improved case-finding, studies suggest low […]
Abstract Objective To assess whether the five-factor modified frailty index (mFI5) can predict adverse post-operative outcomes in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) undergoing interval […]
Abstract Study Design Cohort study. Objectives To determine the prevalence and to identify predictors of prescription opioid use among persons with non-traumatic spinal cord dysfunction […]
Systemic therapies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have the potential to cause serious adverse events (SAEs), particularly among older adults (Garcia-Doval et al, 2012; Lavan […]
Abstract Background: Although the use of telehealth has declined since the pandemic, it remains a popular mode of care delivery across the cancer care continuum. […]
Abstract Objective Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is a common gastrointestinal procedure that provides nutrition, fluids, and medications to patients with inadequate oral intake. […]
Background The Barthel Index (BI) measures the level of patient independence in activities of daily living. This review aims to summarize current evidence on the […]
ABSTRACT Aims To examine the association between the widely used social deprivation index, the Child Adjusted Care Need Index, and healthcare centres with a higher […]
Abstract While algorithmic fairness research in healthcare has predominantly focused on disparities in model performance, less attention has been given to the underlying data structures […]
Abstract Background Multimorbidity is the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases, and in older adults is more common which can lead to increased rates […]
Abstract Objectives Breast screening and early detection have positively influenced survival rates for breast cancer. We conducted a randomized-controlled trial involving 7235 eligible members of […]
Abstract Background: Vaccination reduces Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection severity. We evaluated COVID-19 vaccine uptake and effectiveness in people with immune mediated inflammatory diseases (pIMIDs) versus […]
ABSTRACT Background Prurigo nodularis patients face a significant burden of comorbidities, necessitating a comprehensive approach to care. We aimed to explore the association between prurigo […]
Structured Abstract Introduction Foster care admissions are highly traumatic for children and their families, often causing serious adverse outcomes. We seek to assess the viability […]
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To assess the risk of concurrent emergency department use (Co-ED) among women with a preexisting disability and their infants. METHODS This population-based cohort […]
Background The Health Equity Payment (HEP) scheme was developed by population health leads from NHS Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland (LLR) Integrated Care Board (ICB), intended […]
Abstract Depression, a prevalent health condition, substantially impacts both socioeconomic outcomes and individual wellbeing. Despite the availability of diagnostic tools, existing approaches for identifying depression […]
Abstract Background Capitation payments account for approximately half of core funding for General Practitioner (GP) practices in England, allocated via the Global Sum Allocation (‘Carr-Hill’) […]
Abstract Background: The long-term impacts of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults are not well known. Our objective was to describe the association between […]
ABSTRACT Background This study examined death from breast cancer and death from other causes among women with Stage 1 and 2 Her2-positive and triple-negative breast […]
Abstract Introduction More health systems are implementing strategies to understand and address patient social health, also known as social health integration. We examine the impact […]
Abstract Background: Primary care attachment, defined as a patient’s formal or informal affiliation with a regular primary care provider, is a cornerstone of many healthcare […]
Abstract Purpose Sustained virologic response (SVR) is a validated surrogate marker for successful hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. Historically, interferon-based therapies, the standard of care […]
Abstract Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the impact of patient demographics, surgeon volume, and hospital type on composite outcomes, infection, and revision following surgery […]
Abstract Background: Multimorbidity is the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions in one person. Providing quality, patient-centered care requires understanding multimorbidity. Our objective was […]
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health inequities, particularly among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Disparities in vaccine uptake among people with OUD remain […]
ABSTRACT Introduction Over the last 20 years, the Canadian province of Ontario implemented several new models of primary care focusing on changes to physician remuneration, […]
To deliver on the promise of high-quality, value-based care for our patients in the context of workforce shortages and an aging population, risk stratification is […]
Summary Ibrutinib is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) and poses challenges with drug interactions. We conducted a population-based cohort study of Ontario residents aged […]
Abstract Background High-deductible health plan (HDHP) members face relatively high out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for urgent care, high-acuity care, and secondary prevention. These costs could affect […]
Abstract Background and Aim: In 2021, healthcare expenditure in Italy represented 7.3% of the national gross domestic product, with approximately 80% attributed to the management […]
Abstract Objectives To quantify potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and assess the association between patient characteristics and PIP using previously coded STOPP-START and Beers criteria in […]
Abstract Background This study examined the impact of frailty on in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing surgical stabilization of multiple rib fractures and flail chest (SSRF). […]
Abstract Objective: Determine whether a Medicare 7-day limit on initial opioid prescriptions (effective January 1, 2019) was associated with reductions in duration, dosage, and subsequent […]
